Imagine if we wanted to back the paper document was not machine imaging exist, this requires re-written and certainly those process time-consuming, and therefore not free now Business Office of the presence of machine photocopier at least one to run things Office also that many people use imaging machines of Astrezag through run as services in the places that you need, such as universities and others.
A picture of modern photocopier machine
Photocopying machine comes in several shapes and sizes and with several additions to the ease of use, but what happens inside the imaging machine is one in this article we will try to explain the idea of photocopying and what happens inside when you press the Start button.
Basics
The process of photocopying Balzierograve XEROGRAPHY and called printing Alketrostetekih dry photographic process was invented by the world Chester F. Carlson in 1937 and became used in 1950, are placed the document imaging process paperwork on the glass of the machine and then determine the options you want, such as the number of copies required and the size and the degree of opacity, and then pressing the OPEN button. What happens inside accent imaging after this moment is what we will try to explain.
The idea work machine photocopying on the basics of static electricity electrostatic where consists shipments additional positive or negative on the article, but without having a freedom of movement, and that, as we know, the positive charge attracts negative charge, and vice versa, and as we mentioned earlier that the shipment static form on the body and does not moving, for example, if rubbing a balloon with a piece of wool balloon has the ability to become Alltsaq wall wall, for example, because the massage this process has added to the balloon a static charge.
Photocopying machine used the same principle as the machine contains a cylinder drum called light-sensitive material called photoconductive, shipped shipments of static as in the balloon and there is also a black powder called toner charged cylinder can attract black powder granules.
Characteristics of the cylinder and black powder to be able to complete the imaging process.
The process of shipping to specific parts of the cylinder, where these parts alone that attracts black powder granules, composed the document image to be photographed on the surface of the cylinder in the form of a static charge (ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING) on the surface of the cylinder.
Transmitted granules black Albordh to charged areas on the surface of the cylinder and that the image of the document to be filmed and then the black powder is transferred to the surface of the white paper.
Granules are installed black powder on the surface of the paper by heating as this grained sensitive to heat.
Phases of the imaging process
Material from which made cylinder drum are connecting optical materials photoconductive and more accurately, the imaging process are as follows:
Shipping the entire cylinder surface positive charge.
Passes the light shining on the surface of the paper to be photographed and placed on the glass surface of the imaging machine, light is reflected from the white areas of the surface of the paper and collides cylinder drum installed at the bottom.
When collide photons of light reflected from white areas surface cylinder liberated electrons from atoms cylinder surface because they are material connecting optical photoconductive, areas Alsode on the surface of the paper, such as text and images is not reflected by the light which makes cylinder surface corresponding to the areas black areas are charged cargo positive.
Publishes minute granules of black powder called toner a negative charge, are attracted black powder granules shipment positive on the disc, which represents the image.
White paper passes a positive charge on the cylinder to attract black powder granules.
The paper is heated through passed on the hot surface to stick to black powder granules surface of the paper.
When shed machine imaging bright light on the paper to be photographed, composed image on the disc green color drum positively charged, working light reflected from the white areas on the paper to be photographed when Asagk on the disc to free electrons equalized with positive charges and leave the cylinder charge is positive represent black areas on The paper to be photographed, working positive charges remaining on the disc, which represents the image on attracting powder granules negatively charged toner to be ready to attach themselves to the white paper that the image appears.Click on the button the most dangerous to see the above-mentioned stages
Internal parts of the imaging machine
Imaging machine contains many of the parts to complete the work and the main parts are:
Cylinder consisting of light-sensitive material.
Corona wire
Projector lamp and lenses
Black powder granules
Geyser heat
Cylinder consisting of light-sensitive material Photoreceptor Drum
The cylinder drum main part of the imaging machine and is composed of a metal cylinder covered with a layer of light-sensitive material photoconductive. These light-sensitive layer is a semiconductor material such as selenium or germanium material or silicon. These materials feature its ability to conduct electricity when exposed to light and be a buffer in the dark. Thus, the cylinder drum be dielectric in the dark, but when photons of light falling on the light-sensitive its article, it absorbs the energy of the photons and liberated electrons making it conducts electricity. Are negative electrons to neutralize the positive charge formed on the cylinder to leave areas that have not been exposed to light a positive charge to make up the image.
Various forms of the cylinder light-sensitive drum
Corona wire Corona Wires
Imaging machine to work it is necessary to expose the surface of the cylinder and the paper to be shipped a positive charge at the beginning. This is done through the wire the corona wires Koruna where These wires teams relate to high voltage and then relate cylinder transfers its additional positive charge.
Corona wires used for the shipment of the light-sensitive drum and the white paper a positive charge
Projector lamp lenses Lamp and Lenses
Working light bulb to provide adequate light, which will be reflected on the surface of the paper to be photographed and create a picture of the document on the disc. Where the reflected light from the white parts of the original paper to be photographed while reflected nothing about the black areas (text and images).
Wipe the surface of the paper bright light from a light source suitable
When the light source moves to wipe paper in the form of a precise beam of light, the moving mirror with lamp working to guide the light reflected from the paper to the assembled lens to fall to the cylinder also Taatthrk. Lens works the same function in the camera in the formation of a clear and focused picture on the film and the film here is the light-sensitive drum drum, and can modify the placement of the lens for the cylinder to get enlarge Ottsgar to image.
Black powder granules Toner
Grained black is a very fine granules of PVC powder a negative charge. Black powder granules stick cylinder drum as a result of positive attraction to shipments, which was formed on the cylinder and that reflect the white areas on the paper to be photographed and reflected by the light.
Granule form of black toner powder granules when enlarged by electron microscopy
The Fuser thermal Geyser
Thermal heater consists of a lamp of light from the quartz material covered with Teflon (zero adhesion) in the form of a cylinder, passing paper between the paper is heated cylinders by light bulb inside the cylinder worked to provide the heat needed to melt the powder granules and install them on the paper. Teflon working on non-adhesion of the powder granules to the cylinder instead of the paper.
Conclusion
Idea is the work of photocopying machine relying on the light-sensitive material photoconductive material constituents cylinder drum which form on the surface of a hidden picture of the document to be filmed in the form of electrical shipments. Turn is hidden at the surface of the cylinder to the paper through the black powder pellets shipped cargo in violation of the signal.
What happens when Nzguet on the Start button Start?
Operate light bulb and moving inside machine imaging and moving contrast cylinder light-sensitive, and the more reflected light on the portion of the document that is installed on the surface of the machine imaging is directed to the cylinder and learned the black areas of the document absorb light and white areas are reflected by the light.
Light that reaches the cylinder Yun electrons leaving positive ions on the surface of the cylinder.
Cations are attracted to free electrons to be electrically neutral particles. Remain particles Almahoma only on sites that did not arrive light due to the lack of reflection about the document.
The wall of the cylinder is cleared animation which is hidden in the form of positive charge powder grains shipped a negative فتلتصق charge powder granules to the surface of the cylinder.
Corona wire working on freight and photographic paper before putting black powder granules.
Complement its cylinder Bmlasqh white paper black moves charged particles to the surface of the paper by the electric field.
Leave the paper and granulated black powder cylinder surface to interference between the cylinders is Tschanhma powder to stick to the paper before leaving the machine.
This process is repeated every time the camera and paper.
References
For more information, please refer to the following sites:
Chester Carlson, inventor of the Xerox process
Xerography and Photocopying
Xerography: The invention that no one ever wanted
Inventing Printing - a brief history of printing in general
Introduction to Semiconductor Physics
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